Understanding Terrorism Essay Example for Free

Understanding Terrorism Essay The word psychological warfare is gotten from the word dread which intends to impart dread or weakness in somebody. It additionally intends to complete acts that are viewed as cruel with a point of rebuffing or making life troublesome and horrendous for the beneficiary of the fear monger acts. Psychological warfare is expansive in its degree and it is consequently that there has not been a particular definition for it. Despite the fact that there is yet to be an all around concurred meaning of fear based oppression, there is by all accounts a consistent concession to the key segments of psychological warfare. A portion of these segments incorporate intimidation and brutality. Numerous examinations have been directed to uncover what causes psychological warfare, the strategies utilized by fear based oppressors and focuses for psychological militant assaults. This conversation looks to dive much further to discover what angles drive psychological oppression (Lockyer. 2003). Destinations of Terrorist assaults There are various targets with which fear based oppressor assaults are submitted. The principle point as of now referenced is to impart dread in the objective party. Demonstrations of psychological warfare are intended to make one apprehensive so they don't proceed with a specific situation that may not be ideal for the aggressors. Psychological oppression in this manner is utilized to guarantee that there is broad dread (Lockyer. 2003). Psychological militant assaults are additionally intended to make consideration particularly in the media with the goal that the gathering answerable for the fear based oppressor assaults can be perceived. Demonstrations of fear mongering are additionally completed as a method of debilitating; humiliating and irritating the legislature through its security offices by causing it to seem feeble and harsh. Therefore, the administration winds up blowing up and is consequently exposed to open mocking (Gus. 2009). Thornton, in his book, Terror as Weapon of Political Agitation, contends that one of the fundamental goals for fear based oppressor assaults is to assemble assurance inside the psychological militant gathering. At whatever point they do the fatal assaults, the fear mongers feel that their effect in the general public is felt and this causes them to feel noteworthy inside their association. Fear mongering bunches likewise take part in their questionable exercises as a method of inciting some type of reaction or criticism particularly from the legislature. It is in this way in some cases utilized as a method of making known the complaints of a specific gathering to the administration (Bernard. 2007). Strategies Psychological militant gatherings have various strategies they use in doing their exercises. Their strategies are to such an extent that they are not effectively suspected by the law implementation offices. Psychological warfare predominantly comes because of uncertain clash particularly between the fear based oppressor gathering and the administration in power. The fear based oppressor bunch in this way endeavors by all way to disappoint any endeavors by the legislature. This they do in various manners. A portion of these strategies incorporate religion enthusiasm where individuals are kind of conditioned to join certain strict gatherings which will in general control the way wherein individuals think and settle on their choices. They along these lines program individuals into imagining that the administration in power don't have their eventual benefits on the most fundamental level and this prompts defiance to the legislature by the individuals (Lockyer. 2003). On occasion, psychological oppressor gatherings can announce open resistance to the administration of the day, as a strategy of doing their thought processes. For instance, the extremely ongoing assault on the capital city of Uganda, Kampala, is supposed to be connected to Al Shabab who are against the arrangement of harmony keeping troops in Somalia. Different strategies incorporate denying the number of inhabitants in their fundamental financial needs in order to prompt an open clamor. Now and again, the fear based oppressor gatherings can force that there ought to be just a specific type of government instead of the type of government that at present administers a specific nation. For instance, in Somalia, the Al Shabaab bunch has been extremely restricted to the legislature of Somali and they have made a few endeavors to assume control over the administration (Gus. 2009). Focuses There are different focuses on that a psychological oppressor gathering may have contingent upon their thought processes. It additionally relies upon the philosophies and convictions held by the gathering. For instance, a fear based oppressor bunch that is against a specific religion will consistently target regions that are much of the time visited by that gathering. On the off chance that it is a global organization that is at the focal point of discussion, at that point high ranking representatives might be focused by the psychological militant gatherings (Bernard. 2007). New Terrorism This term was instituted after the September 11 2001 assaults which came about to death of at any rate 3,000 individuals. Despite the fact that there isn't a lot of that has changed as far as strategies and goals with the happening to new psychological oppression, it is accepted this new idea is more damaging than the previous. This is on the grounds that, while old psychological oppression planned for making consideration and making known to the general public that the gathering exists with as meager harm as could be expected under the circumstances, new fear mongering targets making demolition that is decimating and they will go to any gauge to accomplish their thought processes. This implies they goals of psychological oppression have changed with coming in of new fear mongering (Gus. 2009). Another thing to note is that new psychological oppression is very sorted out dissimilar to old fear mongering. New psychological warfare has a chain of command of order and there are different positions which move evenly as opposed to vertically. New fear mongering is likewise twisted on religion more while old psychological oppression was twisted on political belief systems. With a few ongoing assaults being connected to the Al Qaeda gathering, these qualifications appear to be very evident. Be that as it may, taking a gander at the two ideas from a basic perspective, we note that in fact there isn't a lot of distinction particularly as far as strategies and target. The new fear mongering may appear to have changed the way where the questionable exercises are completed, yet the basic standards despite everything continue as before (James. 2010). Job of the Media in Terrorism The media is an incredible asset of correspondence particularly to general society. This is so in light of the fact that it can arrive at large numbers of individuals which different types of correspondence will most likely be unable to. Thus, the media has for along time been utilized by psychological oppressors to propel their promulgation and other fear based oppression exercises. A genuine model is that of Osama Bin Laden who has consistently utilized the media to convey the danger and abhor messages by the Al Qaeda gathering (Gus. 2009). Because of the quantity of individuals the media can reach at some random time, the pretended by the media either in halting or empowering psychological warfare is very colossal. The language utilized by the media for example, when they are writing about fear based oppression matters significantly. The words they pick will rely upon how the crowd of the news will respond. Two or three investigations have been done to build up the relationship that exists between the media and demonstrations of psychological warfare. On more than one occurrence, the connection between the media and psychological warfare has been portrayed as a cooperative one. This implies they rely upon one another either entirely or incompletely and that none of the two is viewed as complete without the guilty pleasure of the other. The harmonious relationship exists thusly that fear monger bunches for the most part utilize the media to pass their message across to the objective gatherings. Then again, when the media gets data from the fear monger bunches it is treated as energizing as it will grab the eye of the open consequently the media gets famous (Bernard. 2007). Janny de Graff, in his book Violence as Communication, states that as a rule writers will in general embrace the language of their sources. This implies at whatever point a writer meets a fear monger, there is a high chance that the columnist will accidentally pick the language of the psychological militant. On the off chance that, at that point the columnist will utilize a similar language to answer to general society, there are high possibilities that such a report will result into an open mayhem (James. 2010). Psychological warfare impactsly affects any given nation. It is along these lines significant that administrations of all nations monitor desirously against psychological oppression to guarantee that every one of their residents are secured. Fear mongering has seen incredible nations particularly in the Middle East tumble down. It is beyond the realm of imagination to expect to overemphasize the significance of guarding any nation against fear based oppression. It is one of the primary methods of guaranteeing that a nation doesn't self-destruct References Adam, Lockyer. (2003). The connection among media and psychological oppression, New York: Routlegde. Martin, G. (2009). Getting Terrorism: Challenges, Perspectives, and Issues, New York: SAGE. Phillips, B. (2007). Getting fear based oppression: expanding on the sociological creative mind, New York: Paradigm Publishers. Poland, J. (2010). Getting Terrorism: Groups, Strategies, and Responses. Washington: Prentice Hall.

Week 5 Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Week 5 Journal - Essay Example Every one of these nations have the most elevated number of Muslims. Practically 70% of the populace in the host nations comprises of Muslims (Cordesman, 2015). Since ISIL targets transforming the world into an Islamic State, it targets such nations for simple radicalization, strict and political control, and abolishment of majority rule government. Since it is prevailing in Syria and Iraq, it can control most government tasks through its contribution in legislative issues, efficient maters; oil issues, and strict issues (Laub and Masters, 2015). This gives a pointer that these two governments in a single manner or the other help ISIL’s activities. It is realized that most governments in the Middle East don't care for America’s contribution in its undertakings; it acknowledges ISIL’s obstruction against America and therefore unobtrusively reserves it. In any case, while other fear based oppressor associations exclusively depend on money related systems from supporters, ISIL gets its riches from oil deals, expenses, and coercion. In any case, consequently, it organizations request, which incorporate rebuffing the individuals who conflict with the Islamic religion, and shields local people from the Assad and Maliki systems (Tabler, 2014). It is questionable on how ISIL works in its host nations. This is on the grounds that it secured by ideological groups and other administrative organs, which make its tasks undetectable to whoever attempts to battle it. Nonetheless, it must be realized that ISIL is a fear monger association battled against by most governments. Indeed, it has been recommended that the gatherings can be cleared out by Iran, as a transition to assist Iraq with understanding its own way. Cordesman Anthony H. (2015, May 1). The First Inspector General Report on the Fight Against ISIL: A Public Relations Exercise Without Meaningful Transparency. Place for Strategic and International Studies. Recovered Jun 7, 2015 from: http://csis.org/documents/distribution/150501_commentary.pdf. Tabler Andrew J. (2014, Aug 11). ISIL Could

What Is an Esthetician

What Is an Esthetician If you are new to having your face done it is only normal that you have some questions about who and how will perform the procedure on you.This article will give you helpful advice on what to expect from your skin care professional and your first facial.You will learn how to prepare for procedure, what to expect out of it, how to cure about your skin after, and how to know what skin care professional is good and which one is bad.WHO ARE ESTHETICIANS?Estheticians are experts in skincare. Not just any beauty salon will offer you to have work done by an esthetician. They are specialists who have gone to school to learn how to treat your skin according to its type and the issues you could have with it.And they have gone through a certain amount of hours learning about microbiology, physiology, bone structure, muscle structure and muscle tone for the face, neck and shoulder muscles. Depending on their license, they could also know a lot more about the body systems â€" if they have been pr eparing to perform body treatments.More often than not they will have gone through written and practical tests before they have received their license.You can trust that your esthetician has basic knowledge about both of the traditional and the cutting edge technology improving on the esthetics of the skin. They will have expansive knowledge about products that can be used in skincare, their chemistry, the brands that provide the best skincare lines.They are not medical professionals, however, a medical esthetician could be trained as a paramedic and work in the dermatologist office.WHAT DOES AN ESTHETICIAN DO?Normally, you can go to your esthetician for a facial, or a body treatment (such as cellulite therapy), spray tanning, rejuvenation treatments, chemical peeling, hair removal, laser therapy, scar treatment, and others. Basically, for any skin treatment you want to be done by a professional.The service they provide could vary based on the location they work in â€" whether they work for a dermatologist or a plastic surgeon or a beauty salon â€" their work could have more of a medical element in it (for example care for skin burns or plastic surgery recovery) or it could have more of an aesthetics element in it (for example a new sort of treatment against aged skin).Additionally to doing treatment to your skin on-site, your esthetician can prepare a skin care routine for your after care and continuous well-being of your skin.SHOULD I VISIT AN ESTHETICIAN?You might want to visit an esthetician if you have continuous issues with one or many of the following skin conditions:TexturePigmented spotsOily spots/skinAcneBlack headsPuffinessDark circlesRedness or inflammationSkin aging (fine lines, sagging)HOW TO TALK TO MY ESTHETICIAN?Estheticians are just normal people. You can obviously discuss with them openly concerns about your skin and your face.However, if you want to be concise and understood well so that you immediately get exactly what you need out of your esthetician, you might want to prepare a bunch of information to start your conversation with.It is better that you have a general idea of what exact service you want â€" what professional facial wards your skin benefit from them most?Shortly after you turn twenty, the regeneration of your skin slows down. Tissue starts to age. Your skin loses the ability to get rid of old cells and substitute them with new cells in a healthy way. Toxins and waste are not so easy to get rid of any more and your pores become clogged with junk. Your blood circulation is not sufficient enough any more to feed your face with the needed nutrients.You will start to see damage to your skin. Fine lines, deep wrinkles, sagginess and discoloration. Your poor diet and skin damage have taken away a lot from your skin.Skin care professionals can help you return your skin back to health â€" to fight visible and invisible signs of ageing, bad diet, poor health and hormonal issues.Pay attention. You will need a pr ofessional facial if you experience discoloration or pigmentation spots, redness, puffiness, acne, excess sebum production, oily T-zone, fine of deep lines, an excess amount of blackheads, dark circles around your eyes, textured skin, or loose and saggy skin.If you notice one or more of those symptoms, Express your concerns to your esthetician. You need to be cognizant of how often you have experienced this issue, is it influenced by any food or drinks you’re having, could it be related to your menstrual cycle or the lack thereof? Meet corporate and detailed in your accounts to the esthetician.Generally, you should be prepared to get one of those treatments:Calming and relaxing facial to remove redness. Redness is usually caused by enlarged capillaries. A relaxation facial will soothe your circulatory system so your skin looks fresh and matted instead of inflamed and angry.Lifting and firming facial. This type of facial treatment is reserved for more mature women â€" aged 40 or 50 . The sagging of the skin is often contributed to the limited amounts of collagen after a certain age. A collagen rich facial will improve the state of your skin and make you look younger.Brightening therapy. Brightening treatment will be offered to you if your main source of concern are the dark spots under your eyes or all over your skin.Against a rough texture, you’ll be offered a chemical peel. The chemical peel will get rid of some fine lines and wrinkles as well as your hyper pigmentation.For a discolored skin that needs some energizing you will be offered a facial with minerals and environments.A clearing treatment will be offered to those who have issues with acne.Detoxifying treatment will be offered to those who feel that their skin has aged prematurely.Now back to your discussion with your esthetician. An experienced skincare specialist will listen carefully to your history of skin related issues. Then they will have a hard look at your skin. It is not uncommon that peo ple’s face has different tissue and even different problems in its separate areas â€" around the eyes, around the nose, around the mouth, the lips themselves, upper and lower forehead. Apart from the various areas of the face, you might also have patches â€" patches of dry skin, oily skin, congested skin, patches of skin where are you often breakout, and so on.Additionally to your skin’s current condition, be prepared to share with your skincare specialist other important information such as: any hormonal issues, medications you are taking, health conditions, allergies, food and sleep habits, history of procedures, bad reactions in the past, as well as your current priorities for your skin â€" which issue would you like to concentrate on now.Make sure you discuss all those questions in detail so that your esthetician has the big picture of your skin condition. You will know that your work with a true skin care professional, if they ask you about all of those things even if you f orget to share the information yourself.HOW TO PREPARE FOR A VISIT TO THE ESTHETICIAN?If you have never undergone treatment it is only normal that you have some questions about your first procedure.For example, dress code. What should you wear to your first visit to your esthetician? First of all it’s a good idea to wear something that will not scrub your face if you put it off after the procedure. Avoid anything tight. Another helpful tip is to wears something comfy.Most facial procedures feel relaxing to the client, and in order to support this feeling you must feel okay in the clothes that you’re wearing. Third, avoid wearing anything that will make you sweat. If you have any chances of getting an allergic reaction, you will multiply those chances if you feel hot and bothered at all. Feeling a little on the colder side will make you feel more refreshed in the end. Finally if you’re in for a massage make sure you wear clothing that is easy to remove in areas that will be tre ated.Another common question from clients is if they should do anything to their face before the procedure. And the answer is no. Don’t worry about coming to your estheticians with a clean face â€" you do not need to do any cleansing, you do not even have to remove your makeup. Your esthetician will do it for you. Just make sure you come on time for your appointment, so the skincare professional has enough time to go through all the steps. If you’re coming for a massage, make sure you take a bath beforehand and where comfortable, not too revealing underwear.It is a good idea to skip on any at-home facial treatments, a week or two before you visit your esthetician. The reason is that they should have an adequate idea how your skin is doing when it is untreated so that they choose the best therapy for you.We advise against exposing your skin to the sun for prolonged periods of time, against using self tanning products, or any other procedures or actions that can make your skin fee l damaged or more sensitive.It is a good idea to prepare a list of all brands and products you are using every day in your home to take care of your skin, include information about medication you are taking that may have an effect on the skin, as well as some medical history.If you have any important event in your life coming up make sure you talk to your esthetician about that â€" your skincare specialist will avoid some types of treatment if they know an event is coming up. Some types of treatments could change the state of the skin temporarily â€" if they could change its color or make it look irritated, or just not presentable before the treatments take its final form and full effect.Do not perform any hair removal treatments 48 hours before your skin therapy appointment. Hair removal more often than not leaves the follicles of the skin open. Those areas will be more susceptible to irritation and even allergic reactions.Always know your priorities. For example, it is perfectly p ossible that your skin both lacks nutrients and is acne prone. And while such treatments might be able to combine effects that remedy both of those conditions, if you concentrate on one rather than another, you might hear more success. You need to choose â€" do you want to fight both fronts.Last but not least, come mentally prepared for your appointment.WHAT TO EXPECT FROM A VISIT TO THE ESTHETICIAN?Cleanse. Before your treatment begins, your esthetician will prepare your skin for the chemicals, serums and other products that will be used on it. For that purpose your skin must be clean and calm. The esthetician will thoroughly remove your makeup and examine your skin for its sensitivity levels. They may apply a product to soothe the skin and reduce the chance of any allergic reaction. This step is happening regardless of whether you are wearing makeup or not.Skin consultation. This is the moment where you should share all of the possible information about your skin. Now that your ma keup is off, your esthetician will have the access to examine your bare skin for any discoloration, signs of aging, oily or dry spots, patches of underperforming skin, comedones, acne or acne scarring. You are encouraged to talk during this process if you have not had the chance to do it before, or unless your esthetician verbally or non-verbally informs you they prefer you to be quiet. Do not think they are just being rude if they do. After all, your mouth is on your face â€" moving it might hinder their work.Steam cleaning. Prepping your face by directing a gentle flow of steam towards it will heat up the upper levels of the skin and open up your pores. This process prepares the skin for maximum penetration and absorption of the products it is about to be treated with. Steam with active ingredients will improve your circulation, stimulate cell regeneration after more invasive therapy and help remove dead skin cells.Chemical peal. Before proceeding with the chemical peel your esthe tician will ask you about the sensitivity of your skin. They will only choose the right method of exfoliation after a consultation with you. Don’t be surprised if the chemical peel involves a steam treatment once again. Heating up and moisturizing the top level of the skin will help get rid of dead or old skin cells â€" after this process your skin will look more hydrated, fresher, more energetic, and less wrinkled.Black head removal + prep. After that your esthetician will start preparing your skin to remove your black heads. The first step in this process is to calm the skin down. Removing blackheads is quite invasive and if you’re not prepped right, you might leave the salon with scars. And therefore you should not try doing this at home. Your esthetician will use a completely sterile environment and instruments to manipulate your skin in order to release the blackheads. This process involves a lot of pressure on your tissue.Massage. The next step is more soothing. Your esthe tician will select a blend of some essential oils and vitamins and minerals to rub directly and gently into your skin. The purpose of this step is to soothe your skin after it has been dug into for the blackheads, and to relax it in order to improve their recovery time.Serum treatment. Your esthetician will now, after your skin has been relaxed, go for a little bit more powerful serum blend to treat your skin for your higher-priority skin concerns. They will target oily spots, visible blood vessels and redness, puffiness, scarring or signs of aging such as sagginess or wrinkles. This part of your treatment will largely depend on the conversation you had before your procedure started.Finishing steps. The skin care specialist will now clean up your face from the excess product and apply moisturizer and/or sunscreen depending on your location and the time of day. They will probably ask you for feedback while your skin is absorbing the final products in.Now is the time to request some h elpful advice about how to care for your skin after the treatment.HOW TO COMPLEMENT THE WORK OF THE ESTHETICIAN?The best after-care treatment regime for your skin will be given to you by your skin care specialist after your facial was done. But in case you forgot, or they did not have the time to spend in a detail discussion, here is the just: Attempt to remember as much about the procedure as possible. Each treatment has its take-care-after strategy, which is easily accessible for a reference on the Internet.Always wear a high-factor SPF facial cream. Do not forget to protect the tricky areas â€" the neck, the ears, the hairline. And you need a special cream for the area around your eyes.Do not hit the gym directly after a facial. Yes, a workout is almost always a healthy choice, however, about 24 hours after your facial, your skin will be too sensitive. Sweat on your face may have detrimental effects because of your skin being overly stimulated, and your pores being unprotected.Do not exfoliate. Especially if you have undergone a chemical peal, exfoliations can have very bad consequences for the upper layers of your skin. Avoid applying any harsh products on your face about 48 hours after your facial.Up to a week after your facial be careful how you touch your skin. You might overdo it with skin care or applying makeup with harsh brushes.Makeup lovers must be particularly diligent about washing their brushes soon after a facial has been performed. The peeling has revealed younger skin which is more sensitive to the bacteria your favorite brushes may host.Clients often ask the question if they should buy products from the salon where the facial was performed. The reality is estheticians are not banned from pushing products. They could be both estheticians and sales representatives or distributers for particular brands and cosmetic lines. In fact, you might be safer purchasing a product from a health care professional with a professional license than from just any seller.However, if you are uncomfortable spending extra money at the same salon, let them know you are interested to know about other product lines with the same effects. A good esthetician, because of their knowledge of chemistry and the cosmetics industry should not hesitate to give you alternatives.After you are done with your appointment make sure you thank the skin care professional who worked with you. Ask them when is a good idea to come back and for what treatment.THE WORST AND BEST ESTHETICIANSThe worst:They don’t ask questions. In fact and they get annoyed when you share too much information. They’re ‘not blind’ â€" they will tell you.They do not give you a regime to follow after you come back home from your facial.They are distracted. If you’re esthetician is busy talking to their colleague instead of being completely focused on your face and your skin and the products there are applying on it, this is a huge red flag. Not only can they make a lot of mistak es â€" they could actually injure an scar you for a life.The best:They do asks you a lot of questions. The take your considerations in the account. They confirm or deny your questions about the type of your skin and the type of treatment you think you need.They will never treat you as if you are the same as everyone else. We‘re not talking about personal relationships here. We are talking about personalized custom treatment â€" one that will address your problem areas according to your priority for your skin.Their office is completely spotless. Cleanliness and hygiene should be a huge factor when you are choosing wear to have your face done.And they will not hurt you. Whilst some face treatment may cause tingling or itching, feeling actual pain should not happen at the salon. That would mean something is terribly wrong.They talk to you about taking care of your skin in multiple ways â€" about food, about nutrition, about topical creams and sunscreen, about continuous therapy.CONCL USIONTrusting an esthetician over another type of skin care professional is a good idea because they are licensed, which means they have spent a particular amount of hours learning about the product that they will actually apply on your face and body.Your first time procedure at the spa or a salon may seem intimidating at first â€" you have to share a lot about your lifetime concerns about your skin.We hope the information in this article has given you enough confidence that you know what to expect from your visit to the spa and you will be able to trust the specialist to improve the way you’ll look and the way you feel.

Make a Mardi Gras Mask - French Project

Mardi Gras, which means fat Tuesday in French, is celebrated in many francophone regions. Mardi Gras masks are a traditional part of this annual celebration, and making them is an interesting and very creative project for all ages. These basic instructions and tips can be followed by anyone going to a Mardi Gras party or just wanting to share in the fun.  ProjectMake a Mardi Gras maskInstructions Choose mask base: Cardboard, plastic, metal, construction paper, etcCut base to cover the face or eyesCut eyeholes and holes for nose and/or mouthPunch tiny holes in each side and attach string or wire (to hold mask in place)Decorate mask Customization Mask Base: The mask base can be made of just about anything you dont mind wearing over your face. Paper may not last and metal might be difficult, but cardboard is a good, sturdy choice. The shape of the mask base is limited only by your creativity. You can cut an oval to cover your face or a bar to cover your eyes, or you can make another shape, such as a house, an animal, or a tree.Holes for eyes, nose, and mouth can be different shapes - stars, hearts, slits, etc. Decorations: Crayons, colored pencils, chalk, charcoal, markers, paint Beads Embroidery Fabric Fake jewels Feathers Flowers Glitter Lace Ribbons Sequins Stickers String, yarn Tissue paper Wax Mardi Gras Links French Mardi Gras vocabulary Carnaval in Nice, FranceMardi Gras party ideasMardi Gras puzzles for kidsMardi Gras recipesMardi Gras songs Notes Profs de franà §ais forum .

Video Game Violence And Its Effects On Gamers - 1205 Words

Video Game Violence and its effects on Gamers In recent years there has been a significant increase of shooting incidents, specifically in America. When there is a shooting event the media is quick to question if the suspect had a history of playing violent video games. There is already the initial connection between video game violence and aggression; but is this connection scientifically correct? This topic interests me because of the increase in school shootings and violence. I have personally heard many times that video game violence has led to many adolescents to extreme forms of violence. Through what has been said in the media I decided to research the topic myself. This is a current event issue that is a present reality for many college students. Does video game violence directly relate to human violence? Does video game violence effect aggression? Does technological advances and violent content effect humans and their aggression? Does violent video games cause hostel thoug hts? While researching the connection between video game violence and violence in children I came across communication theories that can help us understand how these two connect and effect people. From the text, â€Å"Broadcasting, Cable, the Internet, and Beyond: An Introduction to Modern Electronic Media† there was research done to settle a debate coming from research done in the early 60’s. The second round of research results came with two conflicting theories. Catharsis theory and stimulationShow MoreRelatedShould We Continue Violent Video Games?794 Words   |  4 PagesPlay Violent Video Games? Violent video games have remained in the spotlight amidst mast shootings in the United States orchestrated by avid violent video gamers. This has raised concerns about the adverse effects these games might have on gamers. 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These types of interactions need constant thinking and planning to solve. Video games also use emotional tools in their story lines to give the players the sense of reality in the game, for example if one of the heroes in the story were to die for an honorable reason, then the gamer would feel a senseRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Children1519 Words   |  7 Pages Video games in the 21st century have transformed from friendly competing into guns, explosions, and major violence. Video games are getting away with more violence every year and the games are becoming more extreme. The consistence and severity of violence is at an all-time high leading the most popular games in the gaming community to have a ‘mature’ rating due to the considerable amount of violence involved. For example, one of the highest selling video games of all time grossing one billion its

Juvenile Delinquent Free Essays

Juvenile Delinquent Renee Washington American Intercontinental University ? Abstract This report is in regards to our young people today that need to be helped to a point that they have meaning in their lives. There are ways that can be presented to insure that young offenders can work through the pain, and rage surrounding their emotions which causes negative behavior. Healing programs have been a recommendation thru the court systems to analyze juvenile delinquency, and find the factors that lead to meaningful resolutions. We will write a custom essay sample on Juvenile Delinquent or any similar topic only for you Order Now ? Introduction Many of our young people have lost their way in this land of democracy. Why are the statistics so high regarding juvenile delinquency, and a young male, or female appears in our courts every single day before a judge for crimes committed against other people, someone’s property, or belongings that have been vandalized. Where are the families to these lost children? What causes them to erupt into crimes of violence, and mayhem? Something has to be done to help juvenile delinquents reflect on their lives, and the criminal offenses they commit. Illustrate Offenses The attitude that leads young people toward a cycle of negative behavior comes from deep rooted emotional rage, and pain which causes them to retaliate by committing offenses to others through stealing, vandalizing property, and sometimes violence against other people physically. The courts have begun to intervene on behalf of the juvenile delinquents by recommending healing programs that have been put in place to analyze juvenile delinquency, and find the factors that will lead to a resolution. Tell Causes The individual history of being betrayed by someone they trusted who cared for them as a young child. They were often neglected, abused, and victimized by a parent, or caregiver. A large number of family factors are associated with juvenile delinquency. Although it doesn’t excuse the offender’s behavior it does help to explain why so many young boys, and girls naturally vulnerable, and instinctively trusting become victims at the hands of his, or her own parent, and their whole life begins to unravel. Without positive intervention the child is at risk of violating the law at an early age, and charged as a juvenile delinquent. Consequences/Outcome A parent that has been abused or rejected will eventually lead to emotional wounds within the souls of their children. These wounds can be painful, and traumatic to the child because of where they originated from a family member, or loved ones. Without getting the specified, and intentional healing the infection from the wounds will manifest into bitterness, rage, and pain which will lead toward delinquent patterns. Conclusion Juvenile delinquency is one of the major problems being recognized and dealt with regarding the youth in today’s society. In â€Å"An Update on the Cycle of Violence†, by Cathy S. Widom, and Michael G Maxfield, (2001), stated that children being victims of abuse, and neglect in all likelihood will be arrested as juveniles if a positive intervention of hope doesn’t present itself in their lost lives. The Bethesda Family Services Foundation provides the type of programming needed for the juvenile delinquent, and his, or her family to start having hope toward healing. ? References Herbst, Dominic P. Helping Juveniles Reflect On Their Lives and Criminal Offenses. Corrections Today, Jun2005, Vol. 67 Issue 3, p22-25, 3p Retrieved October 30, 2012 From MasterFILE Premier Widom, Cathy S. ; Maxfield, Michael G, An Update on the Cycle of Violence Research Brief How to cite Juvenile Delinquent, Essay examples

Project Management for Marketing of Training

Question: Discuss about the Project Management for Marketing of Training . Answer: Introduction The project involved launch, management and analysis of the marketing campaign run for the promotion of a training workshop over major social media platforms including Facebook and Twitter. This project was for an organization that was into providing corporate workshops and training to corporate organizations. Project Scope Management Scope Statements Project Objective: Objective of the project is to manage two marketing campaigns on Facebook and on Twitter for promoting the workshop that is to be conducted one month later. The campaign would run for 20 days seeking online registrations from interested students. In this paper, stakeholders of this project would be identified and their priorities would be defined on the basis of their interests. To explain the complete process of stakeholder management, stakeholder matrix, decision matrix, communication matrix and stakeholder assessment matrix would be prepared for this project. The report would also cover agenda for stakeholder and project meetings required for project progress assessment and management(Bright Hub Media, 2015). A scope checklist if provided here to provide an insight into what would be involved on the project. Scope Checklist Project Objectives Plan for managing marketing campaigns Deliverables Stakeholder Analysis Stakeholder Identification Stakeholder Prioritization Matrix Stakeholder Matrix Decision Making Matrix Stakeholder Assessment Matrix. Communication Matrix Project Meeting Agenda(BIS, 2010) Stakeholder Analysis Stakeholders are important to analyze as they affect the outcome of the project as well as need to give an acceptance for the outcome delivered. Stakeholder analyses begin with planning and defining of its purpose. Once the purpose of project is clear, company policies required to complete project would be identified. For any project to be completed, people have to have the right skills and thus, the next step would be to hire the human resource that is capable of managing marketing campaigns for the event organization(Bright Hub Media, 2013). Next, the stakeholders have to be identified and information that is important to understand about them would be recorded such as their positions and interests which would be collected by interviewing various stakeholders of the project. A structure process may be used to collect this information and the same would then act as an input for making the project plan(Caltrans, 2007). The table below identifies some of the internal and external stakeholders of the marketing project who are affected by the project process or by its results. Project Stakeholders Internal External Affected by project process Project owner Project Sponsor Training manager Training content developers Employees Stakeholders Trainers Trainers Partners Government Agencies Client organization Workshop attendees Media Competitors Affected by project result Employees Project Sponsor System users Client Public Training Community( Changefirst Limited, 2009) Stakeholder Identification and Prioritization Matrix WHAT IS IMPORTANT TO THIS STAKEHOLDER? Project Owner Project Sponsor Trainees Trainer POWER Highest (10) Higher (9) Moderate (6) Moderately Low (5) INTEREST Higher (9) High (8) High (8) Moderately Low (5) INFLUENCE High (8) Higher (9) Moderately High (7) Very Less (4) IMPACT Highest (10) High (8) Moderate (6) Moderate (6) URGENCY Medium level (6) Medium Level (6) Moderately Less (5) Moderately High (7) LEGITIMACY High (8) Medium level (6) Less (3) Very Less (1) TOTAL 51 46 35 28 PRIORITY (KEY OR OTHER) (City of Chandler , 2000) Project Decision Making Matrix PersonMethod When Sponsor Budgeting, Funding, Critical decisions Project Manager Project Planning and critical decisions Project Owner Content planning venue planning , training schedule Core team has discussions and project manager takes a decision Inputs from team members are needed Project Team Agreement Team must have unified decision to follow Recommendations from team members Investigation needed to be done upon receiving team inputs. Decision by Team members Decision needed to be taken upon receiving team inputs(FME, 2014). Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix Stakeholder management is required for engaging stakeholders which is done by understanding their needs and intersects and study the impacts that they can have on the project such that a clear action plan can be made on how to interact with them to seek maximum support for the smooth execution of the project. The responsibility to engage stakeholders would be on project manager, the level of this engagement for every stakeholder and at different project stages would vary. Stakeholder Engagement It is important that a project manger identifies all communication needs of stakeholder such that a right level of engagement may be planned in order to attain the delivery of the project successfully. The needed level of the engagement for each type of stakeholder is defined in the table below: Stakeholder Unaware Resistant Neutral Supportive Leading Project Owner C C D C D D C Project Sponsor C C C D C C Trainees D D C D D Trainers D D C C D Project Manager C D C D D C(PMI, 2015) Communication Matrix for Stakeholders Purpose: The communication plan is prepared to identify methods that can be utilized for communicating project related information with its stakeholders alongside the requirements of the project milestones enabling establishing of project monitoring and control(Pearson, 2000). Audience: Project stakeholders are the audience of the communication matrix that include project owner, trainer, trainees, project sponsor, project manager, and clients. Approach: Communication plan can be developed as per the project organization hierarchy and the allotted budget for the execution of the project. The stakeholder management process also needs an understanding of the communication frequencies required for communicating with each stakeholder. For instance, a project sponsor would need to be communicating once at the start of the project to get approval and while releasing the funds required for management of the marketing campaign. A weekly status mail on the progress of marketing may also be sent to these stakeholders. If any problems or challenges are faced during the project, the same must be communicated to concerned stakeholder by the project manager. For instance, if the venue suggested suddenly faces a problem such that it cannot be used anymore then all the stakeholders have to be communicated about the change of the training venue(Project Management Institute , 2000). Role Responsibilities Project Owner Project Planning, project monitoring, Project control, risk management, Project Sponsor Approving the funds as per the budget requirement Project Manager Project Planning, project monitoring, Project control, risk management, Progress reporting, Hiring, team management, budget approvals, deliverables, project closure Trainees Give inputs on content requirement for training and make bookings of event Trainer Provide content and delivery as per the required quantity Training Manager Select trainers, hire trainers, identify training requirements, identify marketing requirements(SAID, 2015) Project Meeting Meeting Agenda Project Name: Marketing Project Team Meeting Date: Jan 31, 2017 Time: 3:00pm-6:00pm Invitees: Jackie, John, Shin Chan Agenda Items Meeting Objective: To discuss the project status updates for the marketing of the training workshop event and come up with solutions to overcome challenges or issues being faced. Topics to cover: Review Project Progress against the plan Review if Project can be completed within the allotted Budget Review Project Progress against milestones and identify deviations Identify issues faced and come up with solutions Suggest new marketing ideas for adding platforms to digital marketing for increasing registrations Status Updates on the project Action Items(Team FME, 2014): Hire more people for managing the marketing of the event on different digital media. Project manager has to meet the owner to take a decision on possibility of adding a marketing platform Issue Log Name Date Opened Origination Potential Impact Progress Trainers took time to confirm their presence in the event 01-Jan-2017 Project Manager Delay can be caused New trainer maybe approached and hired Delays in approvals from top management 10th Jan 2017 Project Sponsor Delay on the start of marketing Take approval on urgent basis(University of Exeter, 2015) References Changefirst Limited, 2009. Change and project management , s.l.: ChangeFirst. BIS, 2010. How to organise, plan and control Projects, s.l.: BIS. Bright Hub Media, 2013. 5 Leadership Secrets of Successful Project Managers. [Online] Available at: https://www.brighthubpm.com/resource-management/122821-five-leadership-secrets-of-successful-project-managers/ Bright Hub Media, 2015. Constructing Powerful Scope Statements. [Online] Available at: https://www.brighthubpm.com/project-planning/57950-example-and-evaluation-of-project-scope-statements/ Caltrans, 2007. Project Communication Handbook. s.l.:Caltrans. City of Chandler , 2000. Project Management Methodology Guidelines, s.l.: City of Chandler . FME, 2014. Project Human Resources Management, s.l.: FME. Pearson, 2000. Basic Skills for Project Managers, s.l.: Pearson Education. PMI, 2015. Capturing the Value of PROJECT MANAGEMENT, s.l.: PMI. Project Management Institute , 2000. A guide to the Project Management Book of Knowledge , s.l.: Project Management Institute . SAID, 2015. Major Projects Leadership Academy handbook, s.l.: Cabinet Office. Team FME, 2014. Human Resource Management: Project Skill, s.l.: FME. University of Exeter, 2015. C5: Post Project Appraisal and Evaluation. [Online] Available at: https://www.exeter.ac.uk/finance/cpp/appraisal/appraisalandevaluation/

Mood Disorders in The Yellow Wallpaper Essay Example

Mood Disorders in The Yellow Wallpaper Essay The Yellow Wallpaper is about a husband trying to help his wife deal with her emotional disorder† as best as he can. The novel allows the reader to witness woman being driven to madness by a Victorian rest cure, a once frequently prescribed period of inactivity thought to cure female hysteria, depression, nervousness and anxiety. In the period of which this specific piece of literature was written, women had minimal rights, even concerning their mental status and rights. There were instances where not having a menstrual cycle was considered abnormal and a symptom of insanity. Symptoms such as depression after the death of a loved one, use of foul language were also reasons a woman would be admitted. Haney-Peritz, Janice. â€Å"Monumental Feminism and Literature’s Ancestral House: Another Look at ‘The Yellow Wallpaper.† Short Story Criticism 62. (2003): 95-107. Literature Resource Center. Web. 11 Nov. 2009. (hysteria) As she remains in the room, she begins to slip into depressive psychosis. She begins to see a woman trapped in the yellow wallpaper. The story concludes with the woman circling the room, now completely immersed in her mental illness, removing the wallpaper and stepping over her unconscious husband who had fainted at the realization of his wifes mental state. The feminism literary views show how the piece suggests patriarchal ideology and how it proves itself in 19th-century marriage and medical practice. The wallpaper itself is a metaphor whereas the nameless wife is herself trapped just like the woman she sees in the wallpaper. She could be seeing herself in the wallpaper and tries to free herself by ripping the wallpaper off the walls. She is trapped behind her husband, with no rights and no say she is essentially a Guinea pig for him. The woman inside the wallpaper represents the pervasive and inescapable injustice, much like the rules the wife hides behind. We will write a custom essay sample on Mood Disorders in The Yellow Wallpaper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mood Disorders in The Yellow Wallpaper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mood Disorders in The Yellow Wallpaper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The wife in the story is the embodiment of struggle

Willamette Meterorite essays

Willamette Meterorite essays When a star falls from the sky, it leaves a fiery trail. It does not die. Its shade goes back to its own place to shine again. The Indians sometimes find the small stars where they have fallen in he grass(Kohnen). The Willamette Meteorite is an extremely rare scientific example. The meteorite is made of nickel iron, and it weighs over 15.5 tons. It is 3.1 meters long, 2.1 meters wide, and 1.3 meters tall. This meteorite is the largest to be found in the United States, and is the sixth largest in the world. Most meteorites are formless lumps, but the Willamette Meteorite has huge craters all over the surface The nickel iron rock is a very rare kind of meteorite and is part of a class that comprises of about 600 out of a total of 25,000 meteorites so far found on the Earth's surface(AMNH Cullman Hall). Around 4.5 billion of years ago, a planet that was orbiting the sun broke into millions of pieces. Part of these fragments was the Willamette Meteorite. This planet was composed of an iron-nickel core, and the planet breaking up and cooling is evident within the meteorites microscopic make-up. After spending a long time orbiting in space the Willamette meteorite was involved in two large impacts. These impacts caused the meteorite to be re-heated and recrystallized. One of these collisions was probably the cause of the Willamette Meteorite to fall to earth. The meteorites first Earthy journey took it from Idaho to the Willamette Valley in Oregon(Kohnen). Around 13,500, when the Cordilleran Ice Sheet formed it lifted the meteorite, and when it melted it caused a flood that carved out the Oregon countryside, and left the meteorite in the Willamette Valley. Not in space, but after the long- term exposure and weathering the large cavities were formed. This occurred from interaction of rainwater with iron sulfide deposits in the meteorite, producing weak sulfuric acid. The etching by this ac...

Export strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Export strategy - Essay Example However, Jasmine rice has no immediate substitutes and it would not be possible also to create any substitute for it in foreseeable future. But that does not automatically guarantee success as there must be in place proper and rational product strategy, business process strategy, operations strategy and financial strategy to augment the unique selling point of Jasmine rice. This paper deals at length on these strategies and how they should be formulated such that success is assured. Further, this paper also tends to look into the future and try to forecast whether United Kingdom would still remain as attractive an export market it is now a decade later. After making a substantive analysis of British economy the paper concludes that though other varieties of rice produced by Siam Rice Co. might face strong competition from indigenous substitutes, Jasmine rice would still retain it unassailable position in British markets. Export Strategy Export is not the same as selling in a domestic market as it involves not only foreign currency but negotiating a foreign market, foreign tastes and preferences, foreign customs and of course foreign rules and regulations. Thus, export can only be successful if a proper export strategy is in place and is executed efficiently. It should begin with the chances of success a product might have in an export market. The thumb rule for gauging the possibilities of success is whether the product is successful in the domestic market. If a product is successful in domestic market then there is fair chance that it would be a success in foreign markets too. But care must be taken to factor in the customs, tastes and preferences prevalent in foreign markets before blindly assuming that domestic success is failsafe proof of the product being successful in foreign markets also. As for example beef from Chicago is famous for its taste across the world but if a beef exporter feels that they would be able to storm the non-vegetarian markets in In dia they would be in for a rude shock as beef is a taboo for Hindus who form nearly eighty five percent of Indian population. Similarly while pork is an all time favorite in China it does not have any market in Muslim countries where it is a forbidden food. So, an exporter needs to do elaborate market research for accurately gauging the market potential for the product they would like to export (Credit Research Foundation 2007). But before the decision to export is to be made the company must determine in no uncertain terms what it stands to gain from exporting and whether it has sufficient resources at its command to undertake the additional production quantities that would have to be done in order to service both domestic and export markets. The other issue that needs to be clarified is whether the costs related to export are less than the benefits that the company expects to garner from export activity. Only if all these three issues provide a positive answer should a company und ertake exporting activities. Else, it would be better off transacting in domestic markets only (World Export Development Forum 2007). Product Strategy As already discussed, the first test of whether a product can be exported is whether it has a stable market within the country. But, as already been

The Internal Business Process Perspective SLP Essay

The Internal Business Process Perspective SLP - Essay Example In a bid to move towards attaining its vision of being the leading world class financial institution, Octawise Inc. has put in place quality standards that ought to guide its internal operations. This in turn leads to lower complaints and dissonances by the customers, increased satisfaction, growth of the company in the long run and increased return on investment. As spelt out in its strategy, its attainment of market leadership position within business areas, and focus on excellence is enhanced by its efforts to put in place quality standards and measures. (B) Internal Communication Lines: Internal communication structures and processes are of critical importance in the success of any organization. Open communication lines enhance faster permeation of communication, ideas and opinions. Open communication structures also result in little distortion and misinterpretation of communication. Any organization that takes customers to be the center for its success ensures that communication lines and structures support quicker permeation of information through open communication structures, which also support innovation within an organization. Octawise Inc. encourages open communication throughout the company. This portrays Octawise Inc. as receptive to customers’ ideas and easy to work with Organization. Organizations with complex and closed communication lines are perceived by customers as bureaucratic and less receptive to ideas and to a greater extent hinder innovation due to likely blockage of ideas. (C) Employment and Recruitment Processes: It means little to have excellent communication lines and standards and yet have a leaking employment and recruitment process and structures which results in having wrong people in the organization. Whitwood (2011) identifies the significance of indirect processes (recruitment and placement processes) in supporting direct operations performance. Octawise Inc. has all its stages of

Bio-ethanol Production by Using Oil Palm Frond Juice (OPFJ)

Bio-ethanol Production by Using Oil Palm Frond Juice (OPFJ) OBJECTIVES To enhance bioethanol production using OPFJ as substrate To optimized biotehanol production using various fermentation mode INTRODUCTION AND RESEARCH BACKGROUND Brazil and USA is the first producers with the world ethyl alcohol production about 51000 mills liters with an average of 73% of produces ethanol worldwide corresponds to fuel ethanol, 17% to beverage ethanol and 10% to industrial ethanol (Eufrozina NIGA, 2009). Bio-ethanol can be a product from an edible source which known as first generation bio-ethanol such as sugarcane and corns. Second generation of bio-ethanol is from lignocelluloses biomass is from non-edible source such as palm oil biomass. This make second generation of bio-ethanol is a better choice to replace fossil fuel without disturbing food sources. By converting the waste into valuable product we can reduce the environmental problem. Lignocelluloses material contain about 50% 60% carbohydrate in the form of cellulose and hemicelluloses which may be fermented to ethanol and 20%-35% of lignin (Mats Galbe et al, 2007). Nowadays palm oil tree is one of the main source for the production of bio-ethanol but there are not m uch attention is been given to oil palm sap which are product that come from the tree component such as oil palm trunk and oil palm fronds. Malaysia is the world’s largest exporter of palm oil product. Malaysia produces a large amount of agro-industrial residue with oil palm industry itself produced about 33 million tons of residues annually in the form of empty fruit bunch, fiber and shell (MPOB, 2009; Mohamed and Lee, 2006). Malaysia has produced about 51 million tons of oil palm fronds with 53% of the total palm biomass in year 2008 (Goh et al, 2010; MPOB, 2009). Bio-fuel that produces from palm oil tree is an environmental friendly therefore many interest are being shown to this sources. Mostly, the major parts of the solid biomass from the oil palm tree are being leave behind on the plantation is to be found as oil palm fronds. It has been reported that about 46837K tons of oil palm fronds has been produced in Malaysia in the year 2007 as an agriculture wastes. Palm oil frond is one of the useful raw materials for the production of bio-ethanol which is environmental friendly way. Pre-treatment of the oil palm frond need to be done to achieve a good bio-ethanol production. However, ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass is relatively expensive because of the latest technologies. The main contradict are low yield and cost of the hydrolysis process (Sun and Cheng, 2002). Thus, oil palm frond juice is being introduced as another source for the production of bio-ethanol. Previous study has been shown that oil palm juice is suitable to used as fermentation feedstock because there was no inhibition on microbial growth or product formation, there were no impurities, it was easy to be operated, and it had no risk on health and safety (Zahari et al, 2012). Oil palm frond sap has been proved by Zahari et al. (2012) contains high sugar content which is 76.09 Â ± 2.85 g/l. There has been reported by Eze and Ogan (1988) that sucrose is the dominant sugar in the oil palm frond sap that consist of 10% w/v, as for glucose and fructose consist of et al, 2010. However in Malaysia, a study shows that glucose is the dominant sugar in the oil palm sap (Kosugi et al., 2010). Since there are many studies show that oil palm juice contains higher sugar content, a high level of the production of bio-ethanol from oil palm sap is further study. A study by Nwachukwu (2008) shows that improving yeast resistance by protoplast fusion increased yields of ethanol by 16% v/v. Apart from that, types of fermentation also one of the factor that improve the production of bio-ethanol. Thus, this project aim is to increase the yield of the bio-ethanol production using oil palm frond juice by various type of fermentation process. PROBLEM STATEMENT Uses of natural sources like petroleum is been used over the decades and the demand of this sources are being increases from time to time. Over the century, there are an increasing of energy consumption with the increasing of world population, thus more growing countries become industrialized which there are possibility that the sources will be depleted one day. Apart from that, petroleum is harmful to human and environment and with the increasing of fossil fuel will lead to increasing of carbon dioxide that eventually leads to global warming issue. Thus, an alternative sources of the fuels is been quest to overcome the shortness of the fossil fuels. Bio-ethanol is one of the solutions to this problem. This is because bio-ethanol is a form of renewable energy source which are easy available, low cost and most efficient bio-fuel. Bio-ethanol offers a great advantages because it can be produced from various feedstock such as corn, sugarcane, red seaweed part sugar beet and many more (M ohd Dinie et al, 2013).Apart from that , bio-ethanol help in reducing air pollution and carbon dioxide accumulation. Nowadays, high demands of fuel are been constantly increase over the world. Brazil is been known as the largest producer of the sugarcane and a most competitive producer of the bio-ethanol in the world. The arises of bio-ethanol from sugarcane is a prove that energy sources are being run out and constant increasing of fuel cars around the world. Fossil energy gives an impact to the atmosphere because the burning of the petroleum result in increasing of carbon dioxide emission to the environment which is the main causes of greenhouse effect. Production of bio-ethanol is increase significantly because many countries are looking for reducing oil imports, increasing rural economies and for better air quality (Eufrozina NIGA, 2009). 4.0Â  METHOD 4.1Â  Raw material preparation and Juice Clarification. (Potential Utilization of Sap from Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) for Lactic Acid Production by Lactobacillus casei by S. Chooklin et al, 2011) Oil palm frond (OPF) will be harvest from oil palm tree from a local oil palm plantation. The leaves from the frond will be cut off and discard. The harvest OPF will be press using sugar-cane machine press as soon as possible after the frond was harvested. OPF juice produced will be collect and filtered using coffee filter. The filtered OPF juice will be centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 15 minutes. Supernatant will be stored at -20Â °C before use. 4.2 OPF Juice Sugar Composition (Ethanol Production Using Immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Lyophilized Cellulose Gel by Eleonora Winkelhausen et al, May 2010) HPLC type:HPLC (Shimadzu Japan ), equipped with refractive index Detector Type of column: APS-Hypersil column ( diameter of 250mm x 46mm) Mobile phase:70% Acetonitrile and 30% de-ionized water Column temperature:40Â °C with maximum operating temperature of 80Â °C Flow rate: 0.6 ml/min Sample volume: 20Â µl Pressure: 10MPa 4.3Â  Pure Culture Establishment (Study on Bioethanol Production from Oil Palm Trunk (Opt) Sap by Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Kyokai No.7 by Nina Farhana 2010) (Isolation of Microorganism from Oil Palm Sap by Nurul Nadia Ummira, 2011) 100mL of the Nutrient Broth Medium supplemented with g/L; Yeast Extract, 5; Peptone, 10 and 15% of glucose solution, 50 (Jamaludin, 2010) will be measured in a 250mL conical flask and will be autoclaved at 121 C in 15 minutes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae will be subculture into the Nutrient Broth. The mixture will be incubated for 24 hours at 150 rpm, 30oC. The suspension obtained will be subculture on the Nutrient Agar slant and will be incubated for another 2-3 days. The Nutrient Agar slants will be stored in refrigerator at 4oC. 4.4 Inoculums preparation (Study On Bio ethanol Production From Oil Palm Trunk (OPT) Sap by Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Kyokai No.7 by Nina Farhana 2010) (Optimization study of ethanol fermentation from oil palm trunk, rubber wood and mixed hardwood hydrolysates using Saccharomyces cerevisiae by K.L. Chin et al , 2010) About 3 4 loop of pure culture will be transferred from agar slant into 100 mL of sterile Nutrient Broth in 250 ml conical flask plug with sterile cotton. The flask will be incubated for 24 hours at 30Â °C and 150 rpm until reach standard initial concentration. The cell concentration will be standardized to 0.2 0.4 g/L (OD = 4.2) determined by turbidimetry at 600 nm. 4.5 Fermentation a) Batch fermentation will be performed for the optimization of bio-ethanol production. b) 20% (v/v) of inoculums size will be inoculated into the bioreactor with the condition of pH 4.5 and temperature of 30Â ºC , air flow rate of 1 vvm, agitation of 200 rpm with the initial 02 concentration of 30 %. c) The fermentation process will be carried out for 42 hour and sample will be taken out every 3 hour and analyze for bio-ethanol production, sugar and cell biomass. d) All experiment will be run in triplicate. 4.5.1Â  Batch fermentation. 4.5.1.1Â  Effect of sugar concentration (Effect of Cultural Conditions on Ethanol Production by Locally Isolated Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Bio-07 by Arifa Tahir et al, 2010) OPF juice volume use will be varied in the range of 30% to 50%. (30%, 40%, 50%) 4.5.1.2Â  Effect of agitation speed (Optimization of Fermentation Medium for the Production of Ethanol from Jaggery Using Box-Behnken Design by Mary Anupama.P et al 2010) The fermentation will be carried out at different agitation rate in the range of 125 rpm to 175 rpm. (125, 150, 175) 4.5.2Â  Fed Batch fermentation 4.5.2.1Â  Effect of feeding rate (Production of Ethanol by Fed- Batch Fermentation by Ngoh Gek Cheng et al, 2009) The fed batch fermentation will be run according to the best optimized condition from the batch fermentation condition. Substrate will be feed continuously into the bioreactor using peristaltic pump at glucose concentration (glucose concentration from OPFJ?) varying from 2 ml to 8 ml at feeding rate of 2 ml/h . (2 ml , 4 ml, 8 ml) 4.5.2.2Â  Effect of feed time (Production of Ethanol by Fed- Batch Fermentation by Ngoh Gek Cheng et al, 2009) a) Substrate will be feed from the interval of every one hour to three hour at feeding rate of 2 ml/h. ( 1 hour , 2 hour , 3 hour ) 4.6Â  Harvesting (Study on Bioethanol Production from Oil Palm Trunk (Opt) Sap by Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Kyokai No.7 by Nina Farhana, 2010) Each batch of fermentation will be terminated according to optimized time period. b) Sample (15 ml) will be taken out and the samples will be kept in refrigerator at 4oC before analyze for bio-ethanol production, sugar and cell biomass. 4.7Â  Yeast strain and it improvement (High-level Production of Ethanol during Fed Batch Ethanol Fermentation with a Controlled Aeration Rate and Non-Sterile Glucose Powder Feeding of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Hyen-beom-seo et al, 2009) a) Saccharomyces cerevisiae will be growth on Nutrient Broth (yeast extracts, 10g/l; peptone, 20g/l; glucose, 20g/l and agar, 20g/l) slant in a 30 ml universal bottle. b) The slant culture will be exposed with UV light (6 watt, 254nm) for 15 second interval at a distance of approximately 7 cm from the slant. c) A loopful of irradiated slant culture will be streak onto a Nutrient Broth agar plate and subsequently incubated for 3 days at 27Â ºC. d) After that the colonies will be incubated in Nutrient Broth medium containing 100 g/l of ethanol at 27Â ºC while shaking at 100 rpm for 5 days to select resistance colonies. 4.8 Analysis method 4.8.1 Sugar content by HPLC (Oil Palm Fronds Juice as Future Fermentation substrate: A Feasibility Study by Che Mohd Hakiman Che Maail et al, 2014) HPLC type:HPLC (Shimadzu Japan ), equipped with refractive index Detector Type of column: APS-Hypersil column ( diameter of 250mm x 46mm) Mobile phase:70% Acetonitrile and 30% de-ionized water Column temperature:40Â °C with maximum operating temperature of 80Â °C Flow rate: 0.6 ml/min Sample volume: 20Â µl Pressure: 10MPa 4.8.2Â  Cell dry determination (Study on Bioethanol Production from Oil Palm Trunk (Opt) Sap by Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Kyokai No.7 by Nina Farhana 2010) Cell suspension will be vaccum-filtered using 0.45Â µm filter paper Cell suspension for each samples will have to be rinsed 2x with distilled water. Each sample will be dried at 70Â °C more than 24 hours until constant weight achieved. Dried filter paper will be weighed on a analytical balance to measure the biomass. 4.8.3 Ethanol concentration using GC (Production of Ethanol by Fed –Batch Fermentation by Ngoh Gek Cheng et al, 2009) Column : RT-Q-BOND (inner diameter of 0.32 mm) Carrier gas: Helium gas Detector: Flame ionization detector (FID) Temperature : 200 C Flow rate : 21.9 mL/min Pressure : 71.1 kPa Holding time : 5 minutes % bioethanol yield is calculated using this formula: 5.9 OPTIMIZATION OF ETHANOL FERMENTATION RSM analysis will be conducted using Design Expert Software. The optimized parameters will be verified by running the new fermentation as suggested. 6.0 ANALYSIS The significance of difference between each test variable will be determined using one way ANOVA analysis and Least Significance Test, computed using SPSS version 21.0 software. All tests will be done with a confidence interval of 95%. 7.0Â  REFERENCES Ngoh Gek Cheng, M. H., Andri Chahyo Kumoro, Tham, C. F. L. A. M. 2009. Production of Ethanol by Fed-Batch Fermentation. Pertanika J. Sci. Technol., 17, 399 – 408. Hyeon-Beom Seo, Seung Seop Kim,Hyoen0Yong Lee and Kyung Hwan Jung (2009).High level Production of Ethanol during Fed-Batch Ethanol Fermentation with a controlled Aeration Rate and Non-Sterile Glucose Powder Feeding of Saccharomyces cerevisie .Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering,14, 591-598. Jamaludin, N. F. M. 2010. Study On Bioethanol Production From Oil Palm Trunk (Opt) Sap By Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Kyokai No.7(ATCC 26422). Bachelor of Chemical Engineering (Biotechnology), Universiti Malaysia Pahang. Zahari, M. A., Zakaria, M. R., Ariffin, H., Mokhtar, M. N., Salihon, J., Shirai, Y. Hassan, M. A. 2012. Renewable sugars from oil palm frond juice as an alternative novel fermentation feedstock for value-added products. Bioresour Technol, 110, 566-71. Che Mohd Hakiman Che Maail, Hidayah Ariffin,Mohd Ali Hassan,Umi Kalsom Shah and Yoshihito Shirai (2014).Oil Palm Frond Juice as Future Fermentation Substrate : A Feasibility Study.Bioresource Technology,110,566-71. Miller, G.L., Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar,Anal. Chem.,31,426, 1959. GANTT CHART AND MILESTONES

Korea and the Internet :: Computers Language Communication Papers

Korea and the Internet Since its birth a generation ago, the Internet has been dominated by the English language and North American culture. In a 1998 survey conducted by the Internet research group, eMarketer, two-thirds (68 percent) of a little over 60 million Internet users worldwide reside in just two countries, the United States, with 37 million users, and Canada, which has just over 4 million. About 60 percent of the Internet host computers are located in the United States. Nine out of 10 Internet users today are English-speaking. No fewer than 82 percent of home pages (web sites) are in English, according to the Internet Society’s survey of 60,000 computers with Internet addresses. Yet some foresee an end to this electronic hegemony. The number of non-U.S. Internet users is about to outnumber those inside the country soon and increase by nine-fold over the next five years, from 16.4 million in 1997 to 143 million by the year 2002, representing an annual growth rate of 70 percent. In that case, the present practice of conducting business, presenting news and information, and performing discussion on the Internet will have to be drastically changed. The widespread use of English will eventually be contested and the Internet itself will become multicultural. This is already happening. A consortium of American computer companies has developed a universal digital code known as Unicode to allow computers to represent the letters and characters of virtually all the world’s languages. Major search engines like Yahoo and Excite offer their services in multiple languages. Netscape Communications in partnership with the leading Latin American Internet service, Star Media Network, provides a free Internet guide in Spanish and Portuguese. Internet services in languages other than English, like Star Media, are starting to provide world and regional news, weather, stock listings, e-mail, chat rooms, Internet access and more, all in the users’ native language. Given such developments, optimists argue that far from ending diversity, the Internet will promote it by allowing even small groups of people to disseminate their messages worldwide. By overtaking the "middle range" languages, it may actually protect minority languages threatened with extinction. A wider range of languages on the Internet means at least in theory that a wider range of ideas will be exchanged in a cyberspace, the long-promised global village. Despite a tremendous influx of non-English languages in recent years, however, the Internet has a long way to go before it becomes a truly multilingual medium.

Juveniles rights to a jury Essay

There are very few states in the United States that extend the right to a jury of their peers for juveniles. Why shouldn’t juveniles be able to stand a trial with a jury of their peers? By law, minors are incapable of representing themselves or making decisions that are based on the current law presiding for the circumstances. Which basically means that juveniles are only children, children that don’t really know what responsibility or breaking the law is yet. Plus a juvenile’s record is private so if they stood in front of a jury then it wouldn’t be so private now would it? Also, juveniles aren’t convicted for the offenses they engage in, they are convicted for the delinquent actions as a minor. The two exceptions, that I myself have found, are either if the crime is serious enough to try the juvenile as an adult or, as said earlier, the state allows juveniles a trial in which a jury is present. I chose this reason because many people do not understand that juveniles are children, not adults. These days parents treat their children as adults so the children commit crimes as if they were an adult. That being said, people need to realize that juveniles are exactly that. Although they have been taught things about the community, the world, laws, right/wrong, and so forth, they haven’t actually lived to understand all these things so why should they be tried by a jury of peers that don’t understand that fact? This brings me to the next question, why do I believe there are differences in the adult and juvenile justice system and why do I believe so? The answer is basically what I’ve just stated in this whole discussion. Juveniles are children, children who hasn’t actually lived enough in this world to â€Å"know†. Adults â€Å"know better†. So does it make any sense to try people in the court of law whom don’t know any better the s ame as a person who does know?

Introduction to the French Word Une Bête

The meaning of the word une  bà ªte,  pronounced bet, means animal, insect, and creature in English. However, as an adjective, the word can also mean stupid, silly and foolish. Examples and Common Expressions Je naime pas aller dans la forà ªt, il y a trop de bà ªtes - I dont like to go into the forest, there are too many creatures. (adj) - stupid, silly, foolish Quest-ce quil est bà ªte ! - Hes so stupid! Related: comme une bà ªte - like a dog: travailler comme une bà ªte - to work like a dog / like crazy, malade comme une bà ªte - sick as a dog; à ªtre bà ªte comme ses pieds - to be as thick as two short planks / a real idiot; chercher la petite bà ªte - to nit-pick